(1) The use of straw composting technology can improve soil nutrient content. Straw is rich in nutrient elements, which can continuously update, supplement and accumulate soil organic matter; at the same time, the organic matter produced by the decomposition of straw can convert insoluble phosphate in the soil. It is a weak acid-soluble phosphate, which greatly improves its effectiveness; in addition, due to the improvement of soil fertility, the effect of water storage and moisture preservation is further enhanced, which is very suitable for the growth and reproduction of earthworms. This facilitates further maturation of the soil.
(2) Enhance water retention capacity After the straw is broken, it can not only increase rainfall infiltration but also reduce the diffusion, vaporization, and evaporation of soil water caused by solar radiation, which is of great significance for the rational utilization of water resources.
(3) Increase soil looseness and prevent soil compaction At present, flood irrigation is still generally adopted in most areas. Due to the impact of water flow and the infiltration of water, the surface soil structure is often damaged, the surface compaction gap is reduced, and soil aeration is affected. After applying straw compost, the looseness of the soil is increased and the surface runoff is reduced.
(4) Inhibit the growth of weeds Due to the accumulation of crop stalks on the soil surface, the light intensity is weakened, the photosynthesis of weeds is affected, and the growing amount and growing intensity of weeds in the field are reduced.