Degradable plastic refers to degradation in natural boundaries such as soil, sand, freshwater environment, seawater environment, in particular conditions such as composting conditions or anaerobic digestion, and cause degradation, and ultimately degrades become carbon dioxide (CO2) Or / and methane (CH4), water (H2O) and the moineralized inorganic salt thereof and new biomass (such as microbial death, etc.).
At present, there are several materials that can biodegradable cutlery (box, bowl, cup, dish, dish, knife, fork, spoon, chopsticks, straw, etc.) mainly include:
1. Fully degradation of biological plastics such as Pla, PBAT, PHB, PBS, PBT, etc.
2. High inorganic filled photobiocrinct degradation of calcium carbonate, photosensitizer composite traditional plastics;
3. Starch composite traditional plastics;
4. Starch composite degradable plastic;
5. Full starch plastic;
6. Biomass materials (sugar canesets, straw plants and plants), etc.
Risk point for biodegradable plastic tableware
1, total migration
The total mobility refers to the total amount of all non-volatile substances in food simulators that migrate from food contact materials and products. Source-added plastic recovery materials or excess adding various additives have been added to raw materials, which may result in non-compliance with the total migration. In addition, it is possible to degrade the starch in plastics, plant fibers, and the like are easily migrated into the food solution, and the use of these raw materials will have a certain threat to human health.
02, potassium permanganate consumption
The amount of potassium permanganate reflects that the total amount of substances that can be oxidized from potassium permanganate from material to water, and consumes potassium permanganate in the water. The amount of potassium permanganate is intended to the total mobility, but not completely covered, the total migration measurement is the total amount of non-volatile substances migrated into the food simulation, and the potassium permanganate consumption is reflected. Material migration to the total amount of water-soluble substance in water. There are many reasons why the potassium permanganate consumption exceeds the standard, such as solvent residual, adhesive, additive free precipitation, material itself dissolution, etc. It is possible.
03, the transfer of polymer monomers
Polymer monomers in full degradation bio-plastic (PLA, PBAT, PHB, PBS, PBT, etc.) may be migrated by or less migration due to different food types and contact temperatures and time, Single species include: terephthalic acid, 1,4-butanediol, hexamethylene diisocyanate, etc.
04, additives or additives
In order to improve the processability of the polymer and the flexibility of the article, a plasticizer (such as a phthalate, nonylphenol), or in the raw material, in the raw material, or to extend the service life of the product, and Some degradable products are added to high molecular heat melt glue, fluorescent whitening agents, etc., which may cause these toxic and hazardous substances to migrate in the process of contacting food, and subtlely affect people's health. Therefore, it is required that the product supply chain should ensure the traceability of harmful substances, limited substance-related information, transmitted by restricted substances to understand the main risk substances, and provide a basis for developing targeted prevention and control measures.
Order tips for degradable tableware
1. View manufacturer name, address, contact information, execution standard, etc. (degradable plastic is not a range of issues, no production license)
2. Viewing the product is a one-time use or reuse. If you reuse disposable products, some unknown risks may occur.
3. View the material. There are many types of plastic materials, and some materials have special requirements, such as PBAT materials do not be used to contact frozen foods and refrigerated foods, and PHB materials do not be used to contact ethanol.
4. View the use of temperature (whether to use microwave). Degradable plastic generally uses temperature requirements less than 100 ° C, most of which is non-heating, and some degradable plastic cannot be refruid or frozen (such as PBAT material).
5. View the type of food in the food. Note that there are special instructions that are not available to print certain special types of food (such as acidic food, ethanol food, oily food, etc.).